New data on the soft tissues and external morphology of the antiarch Bothriolepis canadensis (Whiteaves 1880), from the Upper Devonian of Miguasha, Quebec.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The euantiarch Bothriolepis canadensis from the Late Devonian of Miguasha is revisited on the basis of some new material which yields additional information about its internal anatomy and overall external morphology. New evidence for soft tissue preservation in this species is provided by the discovery of blood vessel imprints beneath the plates of the thoracic armour in several specimens. The pattern of some of these blood vessel imprints, in the anterior part of thoracic armour raises the question of their possible relations to the presumed paired pharyngeal diverticles, or “lungs”, previously described in this species. The nature of the more or less metameric grooves on the internal surface of the dorsal plates of the thoracic armour is discussed, and it is suggested that they may have housed lymphatic vessels. A new reconstruction of the armour of B. canadensis is proposed, on the basis of two specimens which have not been subjected to dorsoventral flattening. The overall morphology of B. canadensis appears thus to be in better agreement with Patten’s than with Stensio’s reconstruction; i.e., with a rather deep thoracic armour and more tilted skull roof.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".