Epidemiology and Management of Stemphylium Leaf Blight on Onion (Allium Cepa L.) in The Holland Marsh, Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB), caused by Stemphylium vesicarium Wallr (Simmons) (teleomorph: Pleospora allii. (Rabenh.) Ces. & De Not), is a destructive disease of onion. The objective of this study was to assess the epidemiology of SLB in Ontario and evaluate management strategies. Stemphylium leaf blight first appeared at the end of June to mid-July in 2015 and 2016, coinciding with air-borne conidia of S. vesicarium (based on spore trapping), frequent rainfall, and air temperatures ≥ 15 °C. Onion cultivars Pontiac, Milestone and Hendrix were slightly less susceptible to SLB compared to the other commercial cultivars in the study. A protective application of fluopyram plus pyrimethanil at the 3 4 leaf stage reduced SLB incidence, but later applications had little impact. Aerial infrared photography demonstrated the potential to identify differences in onion plots, but these differences were not related to SLB. Additional research is needed to evaluate more fungicides and spray-timings for SLB management.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".