Pediatric Emergency Room Revisits in Urban Ontario: Does Being an Immigrant Matter?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives: To test the association of unscheduled 7-day emergency department (ED) revisits and immigrant status for all children living in urban Ontario and within subgroups of immigrant children. Methods: Population-based cohort study using linked health administrative and demographic datasets of immigrant and non-immigrant children in urban Ontario, who visited an ED between April 2003 and March 2010 (n = 3322901). Associations were tested using logistic regression models. Results: Recent immigrants had a higher odds of ED revisit compared with non-immigrants (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.05-1.09). In the adjusted model, this relationship disappeared. Within immigrants, the odds of revisit was not different between immigrant classes or by region of origin but immigrants whose native tongue was not English or French had a higher odds of revisiting the ED in adjusted models (AOR 1.05; 95% CI 1.01-1.09). Conclusions: Immigrant children are not more likely to revisit the ED, although within immigrants, language proficiency is important.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".