3D Printing of Microstructured and Stretchable Chitosan Hydrogel for Guided Cell Growth
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The ability to produce complex micro‐ or nanostructures from naturally derived hydrogels is significant for biomedical applications. However, precisely controlled architectures of soft hydrogels are difficult to be achieved due to their limited mechanical properties. Despite intensive research, significant challenges persist to fabricate hydrogels with ordered structures and adequate mechanical and biological properties for mimicking native tissues. In this work, a 3D printing technique is proposed to fabricate chitosan hydrogel with highly flexible and organized microfiber networks. The microstructured hydrogel scaffolds are obtained through a neutralization step. The strain at failure of hydrogel filaments can reach up to ≈400% and maximum strength is ≈7.5 MPa. The hydrogel scaffolds feature surface textures that can guide and align cell growth. This approach of tailoring hydrogels opens doors to design and produce 3D tissue constructs with topographical, biological, and mechanical compatibility.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".