Canada–U.S. Fisheries Management in the Gulf of Maine: Taking Stock and Charting Future Coordinates in the Face of Climate Change
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Climate change and ocean acidification are the biggest non-fisheries threats to marine organisms across the global oceans. But where fish stocks are shared be- tween different countries, these oceanographic changes can have consequenc- es for governance regimes and extractive marine activities through changes in stock distribution, and the affording of fishing and access rights. The Gulf of Maine is considered a single ecosystem that is rapidly warming and undergoing ecosystem change. It is also bisected by an international maritime boundary, known as the Hague Line, separating the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of Canada and the United States. Several fish species, such as cod, haddock, flounders, halibut, American eel, sandlance, cusk, pollock, herring, mackerel, and dogfish straddle the Line and although scientists suspect species’ distributional shifts in relation to the Line due to natural fluctuations and anthropogenic disturbances such as climate change, the full impact and extent of these shifts are not completely known and in some ways are unpredictable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".