Novel Communication Protocol for the EV Charging/Discharging Service Based on VANETs
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we take advantage of the communication systems which will be adopted for the new vehicle generations in near future and we propose a new electric vehicle (EV) charge/discharge service scheme for large EV density through vehicular ad-hoc networks communications. First, we present a communication protocol for the EV charging/discharging protocol with the uplink and the downlink EV charge /discharge frame format exchanged between EVs and smart grid. Second, we propose our channel access scheme based on a distributed time slot assignment model (DTSA) to allow the EV charging/discharging service negotiations with smart grid before plug-in phase. This DTSA scheme, which is a contention-free channel access mechanism, can improve the EV charging/discharging service access by increasing the successful rate of channel reservation both on control channel (CCH) and service channel (SCH). We propose also three algorithms to manage the EV charge/discharge service reservation and negotiation, respectively, on CCH and SCH. Finally, extensive simulations with NS-2 and MATLAB are conducted to validate the proposed approach and demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed compared to IEEE802.11p and VeMAC while satisfying the defined constraints.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it