Latent-Heat Thermal-Energy Storage in Heat Exchanger with Plain andFinned Tube
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two design solutions of the heat exchanger containing a material for latent-heat storage are presented. The devices are exposed to controlled energy-charging and -discharging process by virtue of internal water flow. Temperature variations at several monitoring locations are recorded in order to estimate the performance of energy storage and recovery. The experiment confirms that the heat transfer rate in the heat exchanger with fins is significantly larger than in the case of smooth plain tube, which contributes to better storage performance. The unit with plain tube reveals strong temperature gradient in radial direction. In the setup with finned tube, higher temperatures in the storage material as well as shorter charging and discharging times are achieved. Vertical temperature gradient arising during the heating after the phase change indicates development of convective heat transfer in the liquid phase. Melting of the phase-change material, however, turns out to be inhomogeneous yielding remaining solid parts as well as entrapped air bubbles.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".