The Prevalence of Tourette Syndrome in Canada: A National Population-Based Study (P1.047)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine: (1) the prevalence of TS in Canada, (2) the prevalence of TS by sex in youth (12-17) and adults, and (3) socioeconomic factors in the TS compared with the non-TS population. Background: Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics. Currently, there are no published Canadian studies on the prevalence of TS and prevalence in adulthood is not well established. Methods: Canadian data on TS prevalence were derived from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2010 and 2011 cycles. The CCHS is a Statistics Canada population-based cross-sectional survey that collects information related to health status, health care utilization, and health determinants for Canadians. Using these data, we determined the prevalence of TS in youth (age 12-17) and adults (>18), and examined sociodemographic factors associated with TS including age, gender, education, income, and birthplace. Results: 122,884 Canadians participated in the 2010 and 2011 surveys, with 122 participants diagnosed with TS. The prevalence of TS was higher in males in both youth - 0.60[percnt] (95[percnt] CI 0.3-0.9) in males vs. 0.05[percnt] (95[percnt] CI 0.01-0.09) in females, and adults - 0.09[percnt] (95[percnt] CI 0.05-0.1) in males vs. 0.04[percnt] (95[percnt] CI 0.01-0.07) in females. Compared to the non-TS population, individuals with TS were younger, more likely male, and more likely to be born in Canada. After controlling for age and sex, the TS population was less likely to receive post-secondary education, have a job, or have an income higher than the median population income (p<0.001). Conclusion: Data on the prevalence of TS in adults is scarce as most studies focus on children. Our data demonstrate a decreasing gender ratio in adults compared to children. The data also show that TS may have long-lasting effects into adulthood on education and income.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".