CFD-Based Investigation of the Effectiveness of a Novel LongitudinalVentilation Concept in Tunnels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The construction and complexity of road tunnels are substantially changing throughout the world to meet the need of changing traffic conditions. As a result of catastrophic multiple-death fires occurred in the past years in highway tunnels, the issue of fire safety in road tunnels has gained high importance and visibility throughout the world. However, it is really hard to conduct experimental or numerical studies to ensure fire safety in tunnels because of such reasons as being under the effect of so many dynamic parameters, large tunnel sizes, the heat feedback from the surrounding environment and the effect of natural ventilation on fire, etc. Despite all these restrictions, there are effective fire safety solutions providing high-level protection for people and reducing the risk of structural damage. However, that proposed solutions, most of which need extra space apart from the operational tunnel area, are too different systems from the current and aging tunnels in terms of construction. On the other hand, conventional longitudinal ventilation systems (CLVS) are still being commonly used, in spite of being insufficient to keep the fire, with high heat release rate (HRR), under control.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".