Abscisic Acid Spray on Sunflower Acts Differently under Drought and Irrigation Conditions
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Appropriate use of abscisic acid (ABA), a well‐known plant growth regulator, could be beneficial to crop production under certain environmental conditions. A field experiment was conducted in both 2008 and 2009 to determine the appropriate level of ABA and the growth stages at which sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) are sensitive to exogenous application of ABA. Sunflowers grown in fully irrigated plots or in plots receiving limited irrigation were sprayed with 0, 5, and 10 μM ABA at the bud initiation or early flowering. Growth and yield of sunflower were severely reduced ( P < 0.05) by limited irrigation. When irrigation was withheld at the bud initiation, foliar spray of ABA at 5 μM increased ( P < 0.05) crop growth rate (6%) and leaf area index (16%) at flowering, and total biomass production (14%), leading to increased achene yield by up to 27% and oil yield by 24%. However, achene and oil yields were often reduced by ABA treatment under drought‐free conditions. More improvement of ABA application in growth and yield was observed when drought occurred at bud initiation stage, and when ABA was applied to drought‐prone sunflower at 5 μM than at 10 μM concentrations. Our study suggests that timely application of 5 μM ABA could improve sunflower productivity under drought‐prone conditions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it