МЕЖВОЕННАЯ ЭМИГРАЦИЯ БЕЛОРУССКОГО И УКРАИНСКОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В КАНАДУ
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Канада была одной из основных стран, куда направлялась экономическая эмиграция из Западной Беларуси и Западной Украины в межвоенный период. С 1918 по 1939 г. в Канаду эмигрировало более 100000 украинцев из Западной Украины и около 15000 белорусов из Западной Беларуси. Канадские власти абсолютное большинство эмигрантов заселили в провинциях Саскачевана, Альберта, Манитоба и Квебек. Канадские эмиграционные службы вводили ряд ограничений для эмиграции, которые касались большого количества эмигрантов. В данной статье использованы материалы украинской эмигрантской периодики, белорусские и украинские современные исследования.Canada was one of the main destinations of emigration from Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in the period between the two world wars. In the period from 1918 till 1939 the number of emigrants from Western Ukraine to Canada was more than 100000 people, the number Belarusians from Western Belarus was about 15000 people. The absolute majority of emigrants were settled by Canadian government in the provinces Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba and Quebec. The number of emigrants coming to that country was determined to a great extent by the Canadian government`s immigration policy. This article is based on materials of Ukrainian diasporan press, Belarusian and Ukrainian modern researches
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".