Performance of constant envelope DCT based OFDM system with M-ary PAM mapper in AWGN channel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Constant envelope discrete cosine transform based Orthogonal Frequency Divination Multiplexing (CE-DCT-OFDM) system is presented. The performance of such a system is examined over AWGN channel for transmission of data using M-ary pulse amplitude modulation (M-ary PAM) mapper. In the system, phase modulation (PM) is used to overcome the problem of high peak-to-average power that is typical in conventional DCT-OFDM systems. As a result the system permits high power amplifier to operate near saturation level and thus offers maximum power efficiency. Closed-form expression for bit error rate of the system is derived, illustrated, and compared to simulation results. Also, bit error rate performance of CE-DCT-OFDM and conventional DCT-OFDM systems are compared as a function of IBO and SNR using traveling-wave tube amplifier (TWTA) model. It is observed that CE-DCT-OFDM system offers a variety of advantages over conventional DCT-OFDM system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".