Bibliographic record
Abstract
Frogskin disease (FSD) is the most important constraint to cassava crop as it directly affects the production of roots, causing yield losses as high as 90% for farmers in Cauca, Colombia.The phytoplasma associated with FSD belongs to the 16SrIII-L subgroup and was isolated using an artificial culture medium kept under anaerobic conditions.In this study, our goal was to evaluate the pathogenicity of phytoplasma strains isolated from cassava diseased roots.Cassava clones CM 2952, Col 1, Col 896, Bra 184, SM 909-25, Per 334, Per 326, Per 534, and Per 1999, were evaluated.In vitro plants were grown in a greenhouse for 60 days and inoculated with phytoplasma by stem and root injection of liquid phytoplasma cells medium.Inoculated plants were maintained in an insect-proof greenhouse until root symptoms developed.The control plants were inoculated with liquid medium without phytoplasma cells.The inoculated plants were evaluated every two months.Pathogenicity was confirmed in five (CM 2952, Col 1, Col 896, Bra 184, SM 909-25) of ten genotypes exhibiting severe FSD symptoms.The phytoplasma was re-isolated in vitro from cassava symptomatic roots and identification confirmed by nested-PCR, restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analyses of amplified rDNA products.This study reports for the first time the pathogenicity of phytoplasma isolated on artificial culture medium originated from cassava roots.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.553 | 0.309 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".