Simple nuclear <i>C</i> *-algebras not isomorphic to their opposites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Significance The Hilbert space ℓ 2 is the (usually infinite-dimensional) modification of our standard three-dimensional space. C ∗ -algebras are suitably closed algebras of linear operators on ℓ 2 . The algebras of complex n × n matrices are the simplest examples of C ∗ -algebras. The opposite of a C ∗ -algebra is the algebra in which the direction of the multiplication is reversed. Although every matrix algebra is isomorphic to its opposite, we construct an inductive limit of matrix algebras not isomorphic to its opposite. This algebra is an example of a simple amenable C ∗ -algebra not isomorphic to its opposite. Our examples can have exactly n inequivalent irreducible representations for any n , showing that Glimm’s dichotomy can fail for simple nonseparable C ∗ -algebras.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".