Controlling Early-age Transverse Cracking in High Performance Concrete Bridge Decks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research was undertaken to study the effects of high performance concrete (HPC) mix design modifications on the propensity of early-age cracking. Seven mixtures were tested: one 35 MPa conventional concrete (CC) mixture made with ordinary Portland cement with blended slag; one typical 50 MPa HPC mixture containing slag and silica fume; and five modified HPC mixtures using extra set-retarder, increased slag replacement, shrinkage-reducing admixture (SRA), pre-saturated lightweight aggregate (LWA), and decreased cement paste content to improve thermal and/or shrinkage properties. The mixtures were tested for durability, mechanical, thermal, and shrinkage properties. All modified HPC mixtures showed reduced shrinkage relative to the HPC control mixture, and the most shrinkage mitigation was observed in the mixture containing LWA. While SRA reduced restrained shrinkage in HPC to the magnitude of CC, it provided very low rapid chloride penetrability, and using LWA in HPC resulted in significant restrained shrinkage reduction compared to CC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".