Hydrogen Sulfide As a Potential Target in Preventing Spermatogenic Failure and Testicular Dysfunction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aims: Testis and sperm are particularly susceptible to inflammation and oxidative stress. Although hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) has been considered an important biological signaling molecule in inflammatory and oxidative stress processes, its role in the male reproductive system was poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of H 2 S in the regulation of male reproductive system. Results: We found that both subfertile and infertile patients, especially asthenospermic patients, exhibited decreased concentration of H 2 S in their seminal plasma and diminished expression of H 2 S-generating enzyme (cystathionine β-synthase [CBS]) in sperm. Supplying exogenous H 2 S to semen improved sperm motility of these asthenospermic patients. Furthermore, decreased sperm motility was observed in animal models with a defective in H 2 S generation such as lipopolysaccharide-treated mice, diabetic mice, and CBS-deficient mice. Our research showed that stress-induced reductions of endogenous H 2 S production and CBS expression are correlated with impaired spermatogenesis and a defective blood–testis barrier. Supplying exogenous H 2 S or overexpressing CBS could relieve the spermatogenic failure. This occurred primarily through the combination of anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. Innovation: These results provide the first indication that H 2 S is important for maintaining male fertility and protecting testicular function. Conclusion: H 2 S plays an important role in spermatogenic failure and testicular dysfunction mainly by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1447–1462.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".