Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Ice Accretion using a Discrete Morphogenetic Approach
Bibliographic record
Abstract
NRC has developed an original, three-dimensional icing modelling capability, called the “morphogenetic” approach, based on a discrete formulation and simulation of ice formation physics. Morphogenetic icing modelling improves on existing ice accretion models in that it is capable of predicting simultaneous rime and glaze ice accretions and ice accretions with variable density and complex geometries. To partially validate the model, we have performed laboratory experiments of ice accretions on a NACA0012 swept wing in the NRC Altitude Icing Wind Tunnel (AIWT). Ice shapes were recorded and analysed for 30° and 45° sweep angles and for a range of airflow and icing conditions. The swept wing configuration was chosen because it is the most challenging case for all numerical predictive models. The objective of this paper is to compare model and experimental ice predictions on a swept wing, including complex three-dimensional features such as lobster tails. The results show that the morphogenetic approach can produce realistic simulations of both the overall size/shape and the detailed structure of the ice accretions forming on a swept wing. As far as we know, no other numerical icing model can simulate such three-dimensional ice structure complexity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".