Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: We have previously described painful epileptic seizures involving the primary and second somatosensory cortices. A recently encountered 24 year old man described left hemicorporial, painful seizures in association with a tumor involving the right insula. Methods: Case description with imaging and EEG. Results: The patient described frequent, sharp pains simultaneously involving the left face, upper and lower limbs and trunk that lasted from several seconds to a minute and were 10/10 in intensity. These markedly lessened in frequency but the severity of the pain persisted with a maintenance dose of 600 mg/day of carbamazepine. Neurological examination, including cortical sensation, was normal. MRI revealed a 3 cm rounded lesion deep to but immediately against the entire right insula but not extending cortically beyond the confines of the insula. EEGs have been unremarkable. The lesion has been stable for over 1 year. Conclusions: Insular seizures can produce brief, sharp, intense pain that involves the whole of the contralateral body simultaneously. This is in keeping with the insula as part of the pain matrix with connections with the thalamus. Stimulation of the posterior insula can produce hemicorporial pain without a march similar to that experienced by our patient.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".