Characterization and Utilization of Waste Streams from Mollusc Aquaculture and Fishing Industries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mollusc production has grown significantly over the past decade, and globally, close to 20 million tonnes of molluscs are harvested each year. They are an important food resource, but a significant proportion of their landed weight is their shell, which is not used for nutrition. This chapter provides a review of the current technologies for processing waste mollusc shells from a valorization standpoint. More specifically, this chapter describes the following: (i) advances toward waste mollusc shell processing, including biocatalytic/enzymatic cleaning of trace protein impurities; (ii) characteristic properties of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) as determined by a range of physical and chemical characterization techniques, including X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, solid-state NMR and IR spectroscopies; and (iii) newly developed applications of CaCO3 and calcium oxide (CaO) from waste mollusc shells, including soil amendment, treatment for acid mine drainage, water purification, mortars and other building materials, and as catalysts.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".