Retinoic acid actions are connected with downregulation of ENO1 gene products in the follicular thyroid carcinoma cell line FTC-133
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Enolases (2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolases) have been characterized as glycolytic enzymes that catalyse the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate and may be involved in development and differentiation. Various tumors are known to display increased enolase expression and enolase seems to be involved in tumor progression. A single human ENO1 transcript encodes two proteins of 48 kDa and 37 kDa (MBP-1), both are discussed to participate in the down-regulation of c-myc expression. In this study we investigated the influence of retinoic acid (RA) on (a) the expression of both ENO1 gene products and (b) the proteome pattern in the follicular thyroid carcinoma cell line FTC-133. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed an initial increase in ENO1 expression at 24h and 48h followed by a subsequent decrease at 72h following RA stimulation. ENO1 proteins were downregulated by RA at all incubation times tested. The downregulation of ENO1 protein correlated with RA-induced reduction in ATP levels and phosphorylation status in FTC-133. Moreover, RA treatment downregulated c-myc protein expression and decreased proliferation of FTC-133 cells. Two dimensional gel analyses revealed a significant RA-induced alteration in proteome profile in FTC-133. In summary, our data show that RA downregulates both ENO1 gene products at 48 kDa and 37 kDa in FTC-133. Thus, RA may potentially impair the metastatic potential of FTC-133 cells by different mechanisms including decrease in metabolism and proliferation and these effects could in part be mediated by a downregulation of c-Myc.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".