Interface between fungi and green algae in lichen associations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is widely recognized that the lichen is the product of a fungus and a photosynthetic partner (green alga or cyanobacterium), but its acceptance was slow to develop throughout history. The development of powerful microscopic and other lab techniques enabled better understanding of the interface between symbionts, beginning with the contentious concept of the dual nature of the lichen thallus. Even with accelerating progress in understanding the interface between symbionts, much more work is needed to reach a level of knowledge consistent with that of other fungal interactions. This minireview describes the interface between algal and fungal symbionts in lichens, including the appearance of interacting symbionts, our current understanding of communication between symbionts, and emerging new concepts in light of the challenges and debates that have provided lichenology with an enriched history. Communication between symbionts occurs before physical contact, which has been studied through microscopy, movement of molecules between symbionts, and gene expression studies. New discoveries include the interaction with more than one alga in a lichen thallus as well as other unrelated fungi and bacteria typically found on or within the thallus. This minireview briefly describes our current state of knowledge and highlights new directions for further study.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".