Delayed presentation of cerebral schistosomiasis presenting as a tumor-like brain lesion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is the second most common parasitic infection worldwide. North America is a nonendemic area. However, there are occasional case reports among travelers and immigrants from endemic regions. We describe a case of a 55-year-old Canadian woman who presented with first episode of seizure. Her magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed a mass-like lesion involving the left anterior temporal lobe. The lesion showed T1 hypo- and T2 hyperintense with perilesional brain edema. On post-gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted sequence, the lesion showed multiple small nodular and linear enhancements, also called an "arborized" appearance. Initially, the lesion was thought to be a malignant tumor. She underwent left anterior temporal lobe resection. Histologic examination showed parasitic eggs with a characteristic lateral spine consistent with Schistosoma mansoni infection. Upon subsequent questioning, it was revealed that the patient lived in Ghana from the ages of 8-10 years and she visited Ghana again 10 years prior for two weeks. She recalled swimming in beaches and rivers. Latent disease, as in this case with presentation, many years or decades after presumed exposure is rare but has been reported. Characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings may suggest the diagnosis and facilitate noninvasive work-up.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".