Periodic Task Mining in Embedded System Traces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Modern systems are growing in complexity beyond deep comprehension of developers. Increasing difficulties of keeping software projects on schedule and increasing recall rates are symptoms of this development. Consequently, developers need new methods and tools to build embedded systems, such as tools that dynamically analyze systems and recover comprehensible specifications of particular aspects. In this paper, we address the problem of discovering temporal behavior of real-time systems by mining periodic task sets and their temporal characteristics from system execution traces. We leverage the periodic nature of real-time systems to achieve this goal in an automatic way. We propose PeTaMi (PEriodic TAsk MIner) - a novel approach and a tool to mine periodic tasks along with information on their periods and response time profiles from execution traces of real-time systems. PeTaMi embraces an important observation we make about operation of periodic tasks: their individual jobs are usually followed by intervals of task inactivity of a considerable duration. We evaluated PeTaMi on two case studies (unmanned aerial vehicle and a commercial car in operation) using traces containing tens of thousands of recorded execution events.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".