Absolute measurement of effective radiative-efficiency in GaAs grown with molecular-beam-epitaxy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, we have decoupled the radiative and nonradiative contributions to recombination by developing analytical models to fit observed non-monoexponential photoluminescence decay and bulk-lifetime temperature-dependence, which has enabled absolute measurement of the effective radiative efficiency and characterization of the dominant defect in lightly doped GaAs samples grown using molecular-beam-epitaxy. The measured effective radiative efficiency values under low level injection conditions range from (88.9 ± 0.1)% and (81.2 ± 0.1)% at 77 K to (0.028 ± 0.001)% and (0.034 ± 0.001)% at 700 K, with 300 K values of (17.3 ± 0.1)% and (10.5 ± 0.1)% in the p-type and n-type samples, respectively. A common defect-signature is observed in the temperature-dependence of the nonradiative lifetime in samples of both doping types, and our measured parameters are consistent with characteristics previously measured for the EL2 defect using deep-level transient spectroscopy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".