Shear bands in undrained plane strain compression of Norwegian quick clays
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work presents the results of plane strain tests carried out at the Laboratoire 3SR Grenoble (France) on undisturbed samples of very sensitive Norwegian soft clay. Discussion of the results focuses on the observed failure mechanisms and zones of localized deformation. The tested clay is defined as quick clay because it liquefies completely upon remolding. Thus, careful handling was necessary, and original procedures were developed to place samples in the plane strain testing device with minimum disturbance. Results show that excess pore-water pressure had developed during shear loading and shear strength was lost after the peak, which is a typical phenomenon in sensitive soils. The sample was held between two glass plates to enable visual tracking of the deformations. A digital image correlation analysis revealed a complex pattern of emerging shear bands, with one or two bands dominating and providing a final failure mechanism. Two local pore-water pressure transducers were attached to the sample boundary and showed differences in local excess pore-water pressure. It is suggested that excess pore-water pressure depends on the distance from the transducers to the zones of concentrated shear strains.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".