<b><i>PLS3</i></b> Mutations in X-Linked Osteoporosis: Clinical and Bone Characteristics of Two Novel Mutations
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Plastin 3 (PLS3) mutations are associated with an X-linked osteoporosis. Here we describe two new families with novel mutations, including one with a whole gene PLS3 deletion, and review the literature on 9 previously reported cases. RESULTS: Hemizygous male carriers presented with multiple peripheral bone fractures, low bone mineral density (BMD), and vertebral compression fractures. Heterozygous female carriers did not have a history of fragility fractures, although 1 individual presented with low BMD. Apart from greyish-tinged sclera, no other extraskeletal features of osteogenesis imperfecta were identified. Histomorphometry from a transiliac bone biopsy in one of our index patients demonstrated significantly low trabecular bone volume with increased bone turnover. Bisphosphonate treatment was associated with a reduction in the fracture rate and increased bone density. CONCLUSION: Hemizygous mutations in PLS3 may cause a monogenic form of X-linked osteoporosis presenting in childhood with a nonspecific phenotype. No characteristic ocular, dental, or joint abnormalities are defined. When genetic testing is undertaken to investigate for primary causes of bone fragility, we suggest PLS3 be included in order not to miss this diagnosis.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it