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Record W2626597211

Expectations weigh heavily for TiO2, but who is protecting the secrets?

2014· article· en· W2626597211 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueIndustrial Minerals · 2014
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
TopicEconomic Growth and Productivity
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsIntellectual propertyChinaQuarter (Canadian coin)Property (philosophy)CommerceBusinessEngineeringLaw and economicsLawPolitical scienceEconomicsGeographyArchaeology
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

''Stable TiO 2 prices that have prevailed over the past few quarters remained in place in many contracts at the start of 2014. However, buyers did not always accept the roll-over of TiO 2 prices into the new quarter,'' the report explained. [Ellen Kullman] admitted that she had spent ''more time than I ever thought I would need on intellectual property protection,'' adding, ''I think it is a reality (...) It's just not one country, it's just not one science or technology. I think it's something every company faces in this ''TiO 2 is a very tough process. It is as much intellectual property as it is know-how and just because you can build a plant doesn't mean you can run a plant. We are very strong on protecting our intellectual property. We designed the plant specifically for China, given the geography and the access to all of the support facilities one would need, and we did it in a way that enabled us to protect what we were doing there,'' she added.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.316
Threshold uncertainty score0.603

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.103
GPT teacher head0.248
Teacher spread0.145 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it