The Patience of the Saints, the Apocalypse, and Moderate Nonconformity in Restoration England
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The persistence of apocalyptic ideas within Restoration religious and political thought demonstrates that the accomplishment of the restoration of monarchical and episcopal government did not suspend the application of prophetic interpretation to the political and religious circumstances in England. In examining the apocalyptic literature of the Restoration, it is necessary to distinguish between the ideas expressed by radicals and those advocated by more moderate religious nonconformists. Although moderate nonconformists did confront and defy the policies of civil and ecclesiastical authorities, their opposition was distinguished by an advocacy of non-violence and passive defiance directed at determining the appropriate response among the godly, rather than turning outward to violently assail the church and government of England. The way in which this resignation to the political reality forced the adaptation of apocalyptic expectations and expression provides an important insight into the nature of moderate dissent in the second half of the seventeenth century. Moderate nonconformist apocalyptic thought was a product of requisite abidance to temporal authority, and the experience of religious persecution. The prophecies of Revelation provided solace for their compliance, as well as a language particularly suited for voicing discontent with civil and ecclesiastical government.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.021 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".