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Record W267935775

Skills, Capital and Connections, Too: A Regional Social Environment Perspective of Women Entrepreneurs */Les Competences, le Capital et Les Connections Aussi; Une Perspective Regionale Socio-Environnementale Sur Les Femmes Entrepreneures

2007· article· fr· W267935775 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Heike Mayer, Darrene Hackler, Christiana McFarland

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Journal of Regional Science · 2007
Typearticle
Languagefr
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicCultural Industries and Urban Development
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsEntrepreneurshipOpenness to experienceSocial capitalMetropolitan areaImmigrationProactivityResource Acquisition Is InitializationPerspective (graphical)Economic growthSociologyDemographic economicsPolitical scienceBusinessEconomicsGeographyManagementSocial sciencePsychologySocial psychologyFinance
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract In recent years, the field of regional economic analysis has focused on the social and cultural environment of a place to explain variations in innovative activity, entrepreneurial dynamics, and economic growth. Richard Florida (2004) argues that regions grow because they are tolerant, diverse and open to creativity which in turn attract certain groups of people, the so-called creative class. Further, new firm formation is positively associated with a creative and diverse environment. Although previous research established the connection between a region's social environment and entrepreneurship, little attention has been paid to the ways in which an open and tolerant regional social environment supports or hinders different kinds of entrepreneurs like women or immigrants. Women-owned businesses grew 19.8% between 1997 and 2002, almost twice the national rate for all businesses which was 10.3% (Lowrey 2006). We hypothesize that a regional social environment that is open to women's career and financial advancements and supportive of women's entrepreneurial capacities facilitates female business ownership. This study explores the connections between the environment and women's business ownership by using data from the 2002 Survey of Business Owners (SBO) and tests the hypothesis for the 50 largest metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the United States. We find that entrepreneurial support is a significant factor in explaining a region's female entrepreneurship. Although the openness of a region to women's financial advancement plays a moderately important role in the establishment of women-owned firms overall, it is not a significant predictor of the level of women-owned businesses with employees. Also tolerance to women's advancement in non-traditional occupations such as high-technology does not have the expected effect. Regions desiring the growth potential of female entrepreneurship should focus on building entrepreneurial capacity. Resume Au cours des dernieres annees, le domaine de l'analyse de l'economie regionale s'est concentre sur l'environnement social et culturel d'un lieu afin d'expliquer les variations dans l'activite innovatrice, la dynamique entrepreneuriale et la croissance economique. Richard Florida (2004) suggere que certaines regions connaissent une croissance economique parce qu'elles sont tolerantes, diverses et ouvertes a la creativite, ce qui a son tour attire certains groupes de personnes, la soi-disant >. De plus, la formation de nouvelles entreprises est reliee de facon positive a un environnement creatif et diversifie. Bien que les travaux de Florida ont etabli un lien entre l'environnement social d'une region et l'entrepreneuriat, peu d'attention a 6t6 portee aux differents mecanismes par lesquels un environnement social ouvert et tolerant appui ou au contraire presente des obstacles a differents types d'entrepreneurs tels que les femmes ou les immigrants. Les entreprises dont les proprietaires sont des femmes ont connu un taux de croissance de 19,8% entre 1997 et 2002, presque deux fois le taux national pour toutes entreprises de 10,3% (Lowrey 2006). Notre hypothese est qu'un environnement social d'une region qui est ouvert aux avancements des femmes quant a leurs carrieres et a leur progres financier et qui appuie les capacites entrepreneuriales des femmes va encourager des femmes proprietaires des entreprises. Cette etude explore les liens entre l'environnement et les femmes proprietaires d'entreprise en utilisant les donnees de l'enquete sur les proprietaires d'entreprises en 2002, et presente un test de cette hypothese pour les 50 plus grandes regions metropolitaines statistiques aux E.-U. Nos resultats demontrent qu'un appui entrepreneurial est un facteur significatif dans l'explication de l'entrepreneuriat feminin d'une region. Bien que l'ouverture d'une region par rapport a l'avancement financier des femmes joue un role modeste dans l'etablissement des entreprises dont les proprietaires sont des femmes de facon generale, il ne represente pas une variable significative en termes de prevision du niveau des entreprises avec des femmes-proprietaires et qui ont des employes. …

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies
Consensus categoriesScience and technology studies
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.646
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0040.015
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.038
GPT teacher head0.266
Teacher spread0.228 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.

Study designQualitative
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2007
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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