Abstract P351: Statins Prevent Expansive Remodeling in Arterialized Vein Grafts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vein grafts (VG) account for more than 70% of conduits used in aortocoronary bypass surgery, but have high failure rates by 10 years. We have previously shown in an experimental model that VG undergo marked expansion by 4 weeks, which was followed by increased total LDL retention at 12 weeks. The objective of this study was to determine whether statin therapy would prevent these expansive remodelling changes. Methods and Results Reversed jugular vein-to-common carotid artery interposition graft were constructed in 24 cholesterol-fed (0.5%) rabbits. Rabbits were randomized to either control or atorvastatin (5 mg/kg/day) groups, starting two weeks prior to vein graft implantation and continuing until sacrifice at 1 or 12 weeks post-surgery. Ultrasound measurements of arterial luminal cross-sectional area (LCSA) were done at day 3 and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks post-surgery. Histomorphometric measurements were performed following sacrifice at 12 weeks. Atorvastatin treatment significantly decreased total plasma cholesterol levels at 12 weeks (6.70±4.19mmol/L vs placebo 38.65±10.55mmol/L, p<0.001). Atorvastatin significantly reduced expansive remodelling at all time points, including at 12 weeks (44.6±6.62mm 2 vs placebo 77.6±10.68mm 2 , p<0.001). Intimal CSA by histomorphometry was significantly reduced by atorvastatin at 12 weeks (5.59±2.19mm 2 vs placebo 9.57±2.43mm 2 , p<0.05). At 1 week, macrophage infiltration was significantly reduced (Ram11 positive intimal staining 0.018±0.019 vs 0.189±0.049, p<0.05). Atorvastatin treated samples at 1 week showed reduction in both MMP 2 activity (gelatin zymography) and metalloelastase activity (casein zymography). Conclusion: Atorvastatin prevents expansive remodelling in arterialized VG, likely through inhibition of macrophage infiltration and reduction of tissue proteolytic activity. This may be an important mechanism preventing VG atherosclerosis and late VG failure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".