Changes in Immunological Parameters and Disease Resistance in Juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in Response to Dehydroabietic Acid Exposure under Varying Thermal Conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This study explored the effects of a sublethal 96-h dehydroabietic acid (DHAA) exposure on aspects of the immune system of juvenile coho salmon under varying temperature conditions. Coho were exposed to DHAA concentrations below the determined LC50 value of 0.94 mg/L (95% confidence limits of 0.81 to 1.24 mg/L) for 96 h at either their acclimation temperature (8 or 18°C), or during an acute warm-shock (8 to 18°C) or cold-shock (18 to 8°C). Acclimation temperature alone significantly affected hematocrit (Hct), neutrophil respiratory burst activity (RBA) and leucocyte proportions. With temperature-shock, leucocrit (Lct), RBA and leucocyte proportions were altered. All parameters were affected by DHAA exposure, but not always in a dose-dependent manner. Across groups, DHAA caused Hct, lysozyme, thrombocyte, neutrophil and monocyte proportions to increase, and Lct, RBA and lymphocyte proportions to decrease. DHAA-temperature interactions resulted in the exacerbation of DHAA-induced effects. Exposure temperature had the most significant effect on the susceptibility of coho to Aeromonas salmonicida; fish were more susceptible at cold temperatures and when subjected to a temperature-shock compared to their respective controls. DHAA exposure modulated the response of temperature-shocked fish to this pathogen.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".