Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract / Resume This article presents the words of First Nations Elders as they look back over their lifetimes at the changes that have taken place in the environment. These interviews were conducted by Brian Scribe for the SCAPE Project - a Study of Cultural Adaptations in the Canadian Prairie Ecozone (Nicholson and Wiseman 2006:231-232). A brief introduction to the question of environmental change is presented from the recent literature. This is followed by the actual statements of twelve Elders from Dakota, Assiniboin, Anishanabe and Ankara communities in the northeastern prairie region. A short section, composed of concluding remarks by the authors, is then presented. L'article presente les paroles d'aines des Premieres nations qui examinent les modifications subies par l'environnement au cours de leur vie. Des entrevues ont ete menees par Brian Scribe pour le projet SCAPE (« A Study of Cultural Adaptations in the Canadian Prairie Ecozone », Nicholson et Wiseman, 2006, p. 231 -232). L'auteur offre une breve introduction a la question de la modification de l'environnement en resumant la documentation recente. Suivent les declarations de douze aines de diverses collectivites (Dakota, Assiniboin, Anishanabe et Arikira) du nord-est de la region des Prairies. Une courte section presente ensuite des observations finales. Concern for a human-induced deterioration of the natural environment has been voiced for some time (Mickey 1961). The first comprehensive and widely read account of lethal environmental contamination was clearly Silent Spring (Carson 1962). In this volume, Carson presents a well thought out call for a reevaluation of the practices of using the environment as a dumping ground for a wide range of dangerous chemicals coupled with the ill considered, widespread use of toxic pesticides and herbicides. She states, For the first time in the history of the world, every human being is now subjected to contact with dangerous chemicals, from the moment of conception until death. In the less than two decades of their use, the synthetic pesticides have been so thoroughly distributed throughout the animate and inanimate world that they occur virtually everywhere. They have been recovered from most of the major river systems and even from streams of groundwater flowing unseen through the earth. Residues of these chemicals linger in soil to which they may have been applied a dozen years before. They have entered and lodged in the bodies of fish, birds, reptiles and domesticated and wild animals so universally that scientists carrying on animal experiments find it almost impossible to locate subjects free from such contamination. They have been found in fish in remote mountain lakes, in earthworms burrowing in soil, in the eggs of birds and man himself. (Carson 1962:15-16) In this book Carson (1962) presents the results of hundreds of studies that detail the devastation of plant and animal populations around the world. She also details the death and debilitation of human subjects as a result of this universal spread of toxic materials throughout the environment. Consequently, she advocated radically diminished use of chemical agents to control pests and a corresponding increase in biological agencies for any such control. As might be expected, the chemical industry attempted initially to suppress the book and to this day continues to attack her science. This is, however, balanced by strong support from many research ecologists and some politicians, including former US Vice-President Al Gore who recently won the Noble Peace Prize for his support for action to halt global warming. More recently, environmental concerns have focused on climate change. Predictably industry has attempted to divert efforts at pollution control by arguing that such control would result in higher production costs and a consequent loss of markets and jobs. However, the mounting evidence of global warming has resulted in a widespread public demand for governments to initiate legislation that requires industry to take steps to reduce emissions of green house gases. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".