Jacking Force Analysis of Pipe Installation Using a Modified Guided Boring Method
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The modified guided boring method (MGBM) is a new pipe installation method used in hard ground, where a conventional guided boring method is not applicable. Estimation of the required jacking force for pipe installation is critical for the design of MGBM projects; however, no such study has previously been performed. Hence, this paper presents a study on the jacking force estimation of pipe installation using MGBM. First, the field data of jacking force during the pipe installation stage of an MGBM project in Edmonton, Canada, was collected and analyzed. Second, three commonly used jacking force estimation models developed for microtunneling or pipe jacking installation were adapted to calculate the jacking force for this MGBM project, and the results were compared with the field data. The comparison indicated that an adapted model overestimated the field data. When the passive earth pressure was used as the face pressure, another adapted model yielded a close estimation to the field data, and a third model slightly underestimated the field data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".