The growing economic gap : what it means for Canadian families and the Canadian future.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 2008, the collapse of the market for securitized subprime mortgages in the United States triggered a financial crisis that spread rapidly around the world. Although Canada’s financial institutions were not directly threatened as in other countries, the extent of continental economic integration meant that the crisis weakened the Canadian economy and profoundly affected the lives of many working Canadians. At the time of this writing, it is unclear when recovery will begin or how robust it will be. It is also unclear what longerterm effects the crisis will have on employment, the distribution of income, and the extent of poverty in Canada. We do know that every recent recession has brought with it a widening of income disparities and that the long term consequences of a growth in poverty and economic insecurity are felt for decades: in individual lives, on social development, and on economic performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.056 | 0.015 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.018 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.024 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".