<i>Authors and Audiences: Popular Canadian Fiction in the Early Twentieth Century</i>, by Clarence Karr
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Arthur Stringer-who enjoyed great literary success throughout "the 'golden age' of writing and reading, from the 1890s through the 1920s, dulring which hardcover, mass- marketed fiction flourished" (3).Karr traces the emergence of modernism in North America, the transformation of Canada into a sophisticated modern society, and gives compelling reasons for the tremendous popularity of his five authors, "the first Canadian writers to acquire international recognition" (3).Moreover, he provides an overview of contemporary practice in the publishing and film industries and challenges the elitist dismissal of popular fiction as so much pap for the masses.The task he sets himself-to write a publishing and cultural history that focuses on five key writers-is a large one that calls for a clear focus, expert organization, and incisive analysis.Despite the vast sweep of his canvas and difficulty in organizing his material, Karr succeeds admirably in articulating an important period in Canada's literary history.Karr describes his book as cultural history within the framework of "international history of the book" studies (ix).In fact, Authors and Audiences draws on the material of book history, including publishers' archives, author correspondence and journals, fan letters, and contemporary book reviews.The study is founded on an impressive selection of primary and secondary sources (cited in the book's final section, Notes) from which Karr builds his interesting history.His exhaustive research informs the thoughtful analysis of this book.Built around the careers of five writers, the work comprises twelve chapters.The first two chapters provide historical context, analyse
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.023 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".