Evaluation of Durability and Waterproofing Characteristic of Cast-in-Place Piles Using Surfactant Grout at the Field Tests
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In case of underground construction affected by groundwater, CIP (cast-in-place pile) method is generally used to solve the geohydraulic problem. However, as this method has poor connectivity between piles, an auxiliary cut-off method is required in many cases. In this study, a newly-developed cut-off wall (H-CIP) without auxiliary method, by using surfactant grout (Hi-FA), which improves anti-washout performance and infiltration ability, is introduced and the field applicability of H-CIP method is evaluated. CIP and H-CIP piles were installed under the same ground conditions and field and laboratory tests were conducted to verify the performance, respectively. As a result, a newly-contrived H-CIP method shows higher field performance in terms of cut-off and strength than conventional CIP method.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".