Switzerland's Apology for Compulsory Government-Welfare Measures: A Social Justice Turn?
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AT THE END OF THE FIRST DECADE OF THIS CENTURY, THE OFFICIAL governments and churches of several countries--as diverse as Australia, Austria, Canada, England, Germany, Ireland, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Scotland, Sweden, Switzerland and United States--apologized in unprecedented numbers to former and youth in these Western states' and to their once-considered undesirable and/or non-conforming families. Universities, pharmaceutical companies, and business federations have also started to acknowledge their complicity in historical exploitation of in care. Often, these official acknowledgments of mistreatment are accompanied with or preceded by a growing number of other reconciliatory actions. Currently, at least 18 Western countries have reviewed or are in process of reviewing abuse and neglect in institutional and/or foster family care for children, youth, and young adults (Daly 2014, Skold and Swain 2015). The extensive responsibility taken by governments, churches, and private organizations testifies to magnitude of past injustices inflicted on and their families and indicates far-reaching and innate these practices are to Western societies. Research into systemic nature of these injustices demonstrates need for a new interdisciplinary field of study devoted to long, diverse, and international history of (former) and youth in who were un-familied through heterosexually, patriarchally, and ethnoracially structured compulsory government--elfare measures. Research into this new field remains scant and primarily focuses on officials' responses to institutional abuse and on conceptualization of those reactions. Johanna Skold (2013,6), for example, questions how a historical understanding of past abuse and neglect of in out-of-home care is framed and what knowledge abuse inquiries produce. In a coauthored collection of articles, Skold and Swain (2015, 4) frame the inquiries into historical violations of children's rights as a new area within broader scholarship around transitional justice. collection of articles traces similarities in children's rights violations by including findings from different countries without erasing national particularities. Another scholar, Kathleen Daly (2014a), questions emergence of institutional abuse as a social problem and reasoning behind authorities' responses to it. Daly develops a classification system that organizes abuse cases according to whether authorities failed to protect and care for children (core cases), and practice wrongs were committed against certain groups of children (core-plus-one cases), and and practice wrongs against were embedded in a more general discrimination against a political minority (core-plus-two cases) (Daly 2014, 25). These three categories allow for institutional abuse cases (case studies) to be organized into groups, mapping international data accordingly. She focuses her research on redressing institutional abuse primarily on a comparison of Canadian and Australian processes (Daly 2014 a,b). Carol Brennan (2007) provides an in-depth view of Ireland's redress policy, focusing on Laffoy period, and draws some comparisons to policies of Australia and Canada. However, analysis of Switzerland remains essentially absent from current scholarship. This article examines Switzerland's redress policy in hopes of filling this gap. This article focuses on Switzerland's 2013 apology, Fursorgerische Zwangsmassnahmen und Fremdplatzierungen (FZ+Z; Compulsory Government-Welfare Measures and Placements with Strangers), and examines history of children's rights violations that warranted apology as well as other reconciliatory actions, paying special attention to terminology used. It is important to note that Swiss apology uniquely focuses on historical compulsory government-welfare measures and addresses all victims of these measures regardless of ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and age (yet without erasing group-specific differences). …
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it