Germination of Weed Seeds: III. The Influence of Crops and Fallow on the Weed Seed Population of the Soil1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Information is presented showing the relative influence of crops and fallow on the number of annual weed seeds in the soil under the semi-arid conditions of southwestern Saskatchewan. Soil samples were collected in the spring and fall from each strip of a field in a 3-year rotation of fallow – wheat – wheat The number of viable seeds was determined by germination tests in the laboratory Sampling was continued for 6 years, the same locations being sampled each time The data show a reduction in total viable seeds from spring to fall when the land was fallowed. There was an increase in viable seeds from spring to fall in the cropped land each year, except one. In general, there was a reduction in viable seeds during the over winter period. Summerfallowing was most effective in controlling weeds whose seeds have a short period of dormancy As climatic conditions influenced weed development, the weed seed populations varied in kind and number from year to year. At all times during the experiment there were suff...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".