Linkages among selected Western and Asian stock markets / Noraini Aminudin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This empirical research investigates the international inter-relatedness among a number of national equity markets. These markets are from Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Australia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, the United States, the United Kingdom, the Philippines, France, Germany, Denmark, Switzerland, Spain, Canada and Belgium. These markets were chosen as they include both emerging markets as well as well-established markets. Some authors such as Rhee and Chang (1991) studied the performance of the Pacific Basin stock markets (Australia, Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Korea, Taiwan and Thailand) and of the top five markets in the world (Japan, United States, United Kingdom, France and Germany). Together, these markets represent around 90% of the world's stock market capitalization. As the title implies, this study examines the structure of international stock market linkages. Knowledge of international stock market linkages, or interdependencies, is useful for international portfolio diversification, where investors can try to reduce a portion of the risk.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".