The pulsating magnetosphere of the extremely slowly rotating magnetic β Cep star ξ1 CMa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ξ 1 CMa is a monoperiodically pulsating, magnetic β Cep star with magnetospheric X-ray emission that, uniquely amongst magnetic stars, is clearly modulated with the star's pulsation period.The rotational period P rot has yet to be identified, with multiple competing claims in the literature.We present an analysis of a large ESPaDOnS data set with a 9 yr baseline.The longitudinal magnetic field B z shows a significant annual variation, suggesting that P rot is at least of the order of decades.The possibility that the star's H α emission originates around a classical Be companion star is explored and rejected based upon Very Large Telescope Interferometer AMBER and PIONIER interferometry, indicating that the emission must instead originate in the star's magnetosphere and should therefore also be modulated with P rot .Period analysis of H α equivalent widths measured from ESPaDOnS and CORALIE spectra indicates P rot > 30 yr.All evidence thus supports that ξ 1 CMa is a very slowly rotating magnetic star hosting a dynamical magnetosphere.H α also shows evidence for modulation with the pulsation period, a phenomenon that we show cannot be explained by variability of the underlying photospheric line profile, i.e. it may reflect changes in the quantity and distribution of magnetically confined plasma in the circumstellar environment.In comparison to other magnetic stars with similar stellar properties, ξ 1 CMa is by far the most slowly rotating magnetic B-type star, is the only slowly rotating B-type star with a magnetosphere detectable in H α (and thus, the coolest star with an optically detectable dynamical magnetosphere), and is the only known early-type magnetic star with H α emission modulated by both pulsation and rotation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".