Removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol from aqueous solution using ultrasonic/H2O2
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT The effect of ultrasound/hydrogen peroxide on the removal efficiency of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from aqueous solutions was investigated. The effects of solution pH, sonication time, H 2 O 2 concentration, and tert-butanol (t-BuOH) concentration were also examined on process efficiency in 2,4-DCP degradation. Ultrasonic treatment at 20 kHz in combination with hydrogen peroxide resulted in increased removal efficiency of 2,4-DCP. The removal efficiency was improved with increasing sonication time, and the maximum efficiency was obtained at pH of 3. t-BuOH decreased the removal efficiency of 2,4-DCP under optimum conditions by quenching hydroxyl radicals. According to the obtained results, 74.6% chemical oxygen demand removal was achieved with US/H 2 O 2 process after 90 min of reaction time at pH of 3 and H 2 O 2 concentration of 0.1 mol/L. The decomposition kinetic data fitted well with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model with a rate constant of 0.025 min –1 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".