Peoples' Uprising in North Africa and Middle East: Lessons Learnt and Challenges of Policy Implication-Egypt as an Illustrative Case SOULEVEMENT DES PEUPLE EN AFRIQUE DU NORD ET AU MOYEN-ORIENT: LES LECONS APPRISES ET LES DEFIS DE LA POLITIQUE - IMPLICATION DE L'EGYPTE COMME UN CAS ILLUSTRATIF
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A revolutionary wave that began in Tunisia first and then moved from Egypt to Libya, Bahrain, Syria, Yemen, Morocco, Lebanon, Oman and other countries in the Arab world was perhaps the most discussed issue in 2011. Years of frustration vented out when people in most of the Arab countries came on the streets, demanding change. This particular article is an attempt to understand what made these people involved in such revolution and how these factors have an impact on policy implication from a change perspective. The study required extensive research and attempts have been made to make best use of existing literatures and secondary sources of information like newspapers, interviews at various news channels, online journals and blogs. Here in the article, Egypt has been taken as a case to narrow down the focus on one particular country taking into account the overall essence of the entire region and similarity in the context. Moreover considering the time and resource factors involved in this kind of work, was also considered while selecting a single case in order to come up with logical conclusions. Key words: People's uprising; Arab spring; Conflict; Policy implication; Do No Harm Resume Une vague revolutionnaire qui a commence en Tunisie d'abord et ensuite de l'Egypte a la Libye, Bahrein, Syrie, Yemen, Maroc, Liban, Oman et d'autres pays dans le monde arabe etait peut-etre la question la plus discutee en 2011. Des annees de frustration evacuee quand les gens dans la plupart des pays arabes sont venus dans les rues, exigeant le changement. Cet article en particulier est une tentative de comprendre ce qui a fait ces personnes impliquees dans cette revolution et comment ces facteurs ont une incidence sur l'implication politique dans une perspective de changement. L'etude a necessite des recherches approfondies et des tentatives ont ete faites pour faire le meilleur usage de la litterature existante et des sources secondaires d'information comme les journaux, des interviews a divers canaux d'information, en ligne des revues et des blogs. Ici, dans l'article, l'Egypte a ete prise comme un cas a affiner la mise au point sur un pays en particulier en tenant compte de l'essence globale de toute la region et de la similarite dans le contexte. Par ailleurs compte tenu du temps et de facteurs lies aux ressources impliquees dans ce genre de travail, a egalement ete examinee lors de la selection d'un seul cas en vue d'arriver a des conclusions logiques. Mots Cles: Soulevement populaire; Printemps arabe; Les conflits; Implication politique; Do No Harm INTRODUCTION I was watching a live BBC world telecast of all that was happening at Tahrir Square in Egypt when my five-year old nephew, sitting with me inquired why and for what there were so many people out there. I was pondering for an answer when a childhood memory of collecting coins in a coin box at Christmas time flashed in front of my eyes. Reminiscing the memory, I told him that it is just like he has a coin box to put coins inside for Christmas, so as to collect them and buy gifts for friends. Similarly, they have gathered there to collect what they have deposited for many years. It is a very simple confession but the question is how it relates to the context of the issue to be discussed here. Coming to that point of the discussion, this paper attempts to understand what made these people to come out in the streets almost at the same time in different countries of the Arab world and North Africa. At the same time, it highlights areas that challenge policy implication in the related context. Years of frustration vented out when people in most of the Arab countries came on the streets, demanding change and returning back what has been impounded for years. As the discussion progresses, it is expected to open many windows of thoughts. The attempts have been made to understand why people involved in regime change and what the contributing factors of such massive contour were. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".