The Pacification of Peru and the Production of a Neoliberal Populist Order
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article analyses the security, governance and economic reforms carried out by Fujimori in the 1990s as strategies of pacification seeking to restore a capitalist social order disturbed by the economic and social turmoil of the 1970s and 1980s. First, I show how different forms of state violence were intrinsically connected to the pacification process. Then, I argue that the social order produced resulted from the articulation of populism and authoritarianism with neoliberalism. Subsequently, I contend that crimes, harms and violence continue within the current democratic configuration precisely because pacification is an ongoing process seeking to maintain an order which is intrinsically exploitative, creates favourable conditions for economic crimes and corruption and resorts to repressive violence when challenged. I conclude by suggesting that the social, political and economic landscapes that provided the impetus for pacification have been transformed through the new social order, further weakening already frail democratic institutions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".