Microbial diversity in leaves, trunk and rhizosphere of coconut palms (Cocos nucifera L.) associated with the coconut lethal yellowing phytoplasma in Grand-Lahou, Cte dIvoire
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The diversity of culturable bacterial and fungal communities was assessed from leaves, trunk and rhizosphere of coconut palms infected and non-infected by the Côte d’Ivoire lethal yellowing (CILY) phytoplasma. Bacterial and fungal microbes were isolated from leaves, trunk and rhizosphere samples collected from two villages of Grand-Lahou, Braffedon and Yaokro, by using a high-throughput 'dilution-to-extinction' cultivation method coupled with PCR and sequencing with primers that amplified both the 16S ribosomal RNA and intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) genes. The relative abundance was higher for Bacillus and Candida in Braffedon, and Burkholderia and Neodeightonia in Yaokro. Commonly genera identified from rhizosphere included Bacillus, Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Cryptococcus, Penicillium, Purpureocillium and Trichoderma. The most abundant endophytes identified were Pantoea, Candida, Cryptococcus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Penicillium, Aspergillus and Rhodotorula. Genera limited to symptomless palms included Arthrininum, Chaetomium, Phialemonium, Fusarium, Klebsiella and Candida. Results indicate that the CILY phytoplasma may be a factor determining the level of diversity of a microbial community in a given location. Our research provides the basis to investigate the possible effect of endophytic and rhizosphere microbes against the CILY phytoplasma to further effectively improve the management of CILY in Grand-Lahou. Key words: Côte d’Ivoire lethal yellowing phytoplasma, endophytes, biocontrol, coconut.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".