Characteristics of stratospheric aerosol from data of lidar measurements over Obninsk in 2012–2015
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lidar polarization measurements of stratospheric aerosol were performed over Obninsk in 2012–2015. In all, over 300 altitude profiles of the aerosol backscattering coefficient at a wavelength of 532 nm in the altitude interval from 10 to 40 km were obtained. Overall, the measured aerosol backscattering characteristics are close to the known background values. During spring 2013, an elevated content of spherical-type aerosol was noted in the tropopause region, seemingly associated with sedimentation of aerosol structures formed during the fall of the Chelyabinsk meteorite. In July 2014 and 2015, layers of increased aerosol scattering were observed in the altitude interval from 10 to 15 km, associated with transcontinental transport of aerosol from Canadian forest fires. Integrated backscattering and extinction characteristics are estimated for the lower (from tropopause level to 15 km) and middle (from 15 to 30 km) stratospheric layers. It is found that the contribution of the lower layer to these optical characteristics is 1.8 and 1.6 times larger than the contribution of the middle layer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".