Bibliographic record
Abstract
The French Canadian press in the United States has not received sufficient attention. The most exhaustive accounts were published more than half a century ago and intertwine factual and moral considerations. To shed light on this ethnic press, this paper is divided into four sections. The first section describes the general features of the French Canadian press and how it differed from other francophone American presses. The following three sections sketch the history of the Franco-American press to show how its evolution followed the standard trajectory of other American ethnic presses from a pioneer era and a relatively influential period to its eventual demise. Despite its failure, much is to be gained from studying this phenomenon in order to better understand the history of French Canadians who migrated in massive numbers to the United States in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and refine our comprehension of the particular dynamics of the American ethnic press in general, and the Franco-American press in particular.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".