LES THÉORIES NÉO-INSTITUTIONNELLES COMME OUTIL D’ÉTUDE DE LA NORMALISATION DE LA RESPONSABILITÉ SOCIALE (RSE) ET DE LA GOUVERNANCE D’ENTREPRISE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
NEW INSTITUTIONALISM THEORIES AS A TOOL FOR ANALYZING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STANDARDIZATION A TEORIA NEO -INSTITUCIONAL COMO FERRAMENTA DE ESTUDO PARA A INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DE NORMAS DE RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL (RSE) E DE GOVERNANÇA EMPRESARIAL Résumé Les entreprises sont incitées, face à la multiplication ces vingt dernières années de scandales aussi bien financiers que liés aux conditions de travail ou à leur impact environnemental, à favoriser une gouvernance alliant valorisation économique et comportements respectueux, éthiques et transparents avec leurs parties prenantes. Nous développons dans cet article, consacré à l’étude du processus d’institutionnalisation de normes encadrant les activités des entreprises, quatre idées: 1) à travers différents réseaux, de multiples acteurs cherchent à modifier les comportements d’entreprises dans trois domaines: la gouvernance d’entreprise, la gestion de leur impact social et la gestion de leur impact environnemental, par le biais de différents types d’actions ou travail institutionnel; 2) les entreprises, loin d’être passives, peuvent agir de manière stratégique face aux pressions institutionnelles et face à la mobilisation de ces différents acteurs; 3) une entreprise qui se dit responsable se doit de l’être dans les trois domaines; 4) les entreprises peuvent être amenées à réaliser un apprentissage organisationnel par le biais de deux mécanismes: un premier, qui trouve sa source dans l’apparition de problématiques internes à l’entreprise; et un second, qui est issu de l’inadéquation entre ses pratiques et leur légitimité dans l’espace social. Mots-clés: Responsabilité sociale des entreprises. Gouvernance d’entreprise. Néo-institutionnalisme. Apprentissage organisationnel. Abstract Given the increasing numbers of scandals, both financial and related to work conditions or the environmental impact, in the past twenty years, companies are encouraged to promote governance that combines economic development and respectful, ethical and transparent behaviour with their stakeholders. In the present article, devoted to the study of the institutionalization process of standards concerning corporate activities, we develop four ideas: 1) through different networks, numerous actors seek to modify the behaviour of companies in three areas (corporate governance, management of labour and management of their environmental impact) through different types of action or institutional work; 2) companies, far from being passive, can act strategically when facing institutional pressures and when facing the mobilization of these actors; 3) a company that claims to be responsible, must be it in the three areas; 4) companies could carry out an organizational learning through two mechanisms: one that is rooted in the emergence of internal issues within the company; and a second one which comes from the discrepancy between their actions and their legitimacy in the social sphere. Keywords: Corporate social responsibility. Corporate governance. New institutionalism. Organizational learning. Resumo Nestes últimos vinte anos, as empressas são incentivadas, face a multiplicação de escândalos tanto financeiros quanto aos ligados às condições de trabalho ou ao seu impacto ambiental, a promover uma governaça que combine desenvolvimento econômico e comportamentos respeitosos, éticos e transparentes com seus stakeholders. No presente artigo, dedicado ao estudo do processo de institucionalização das normas relativas às actividades empresariais, desenvolvemos quatro ideias: 1) através de diferentes redes, numerosos atores procuram modificar o comportamento das empresas em três áreas: a governança corporativa, a gestão do impacto social e a gestão do impacto ambiental, através de diferentes tipos de ações ou trabalho institucional; 2) as empresas, longe de serem passivas, podem agir estrategicamente às pressões institucionais e diante da mobilização desses atores; 3) uma empresa que alega ser responsável, deve sê-lo nas três áreas; 4) as empresas poderiam proceder a uma aprendizagem organizacional através de dois mecanismos: um primeiro, que tem suas raízes no surgimento de questões internas da empresa; e uma segunda que vem da discrepância entre suas práticas e sua legitimidade na esfera social. Palavras-chave: Responsabilidade social corporativa. Governança corporativa. Neo- institucionalismo. Aprendizagem organizacional.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.027 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".