Mechanics of Sarcomeres in Series and Instability - JURA Best Paper Award 2016-2017
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sarcomeres are the smallest independent unit of force production in the muscle. Current theoretical models of sarcomere in series, i.e. a myofibril, predict instability on the descending limb region of the force-length relationship. However, experimental evidence suggests that sarcomeres can be stable on the descending limb region with non-uniform lengths. The models presented re-evaluates the assumption that sarcomeres are independent units of contraction. Instead, it is hypothesized that there is a dependency between sarcomeres for force generation. Sarcomeres in series were modelled, with force as the dependent variable and sarcomere length and time as the independent variables. Models were developed with both independent and dependent sarcomere force generation. The independent sarcomere models resulted in instability that current theoretical models predict. Two cases of dependent sarcomere models were implemented, both included a shift in the passive force with varying degrees of dependency between adjacent sarcomeres. With these models, there was either stability with non-uniform length, stability with uniform length, or instability on the descending limb region of the force-length relationship. The major finding was that mathematically, sarcomeres with a variable passive force can reach equilibrium at various lengths if a dependency between adjacent sarcomeres is incorporated into the models.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".