A Valuation Of Ecological Services In The Great Lakes Basin Ecosystem to Sustain Healthy Communities and a Dynamic Economy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary of Quantified Economic Attributes of Great Lakes Resources Sector Value per annum (except where noted) Notes Where value is counted Relevance to Great Lakes Ecosystem Quality and Water Quantity Commercial Fishing $35 million Landed value of fish only (before processing) Ontario, Canada Quality of water in the Great Lakes directly related to prosperity of industry Contaminant levels in fish are a measure of effectiveness of harmful pollutant management regionally, nationally, internationally Contaminant levels in fish can also reflect how changes in food web effect contaminant tropho-dynamics; Contaminant levels that exceed guidelines and regulations for safe consumption, export represent a lost economic, cultural use opportunities) Lower water levels reduce spawning and breeding areas for native fish $91.4 million including indirect sales, employment income and taxes + 1136 person years of work Direct and indirect sales value As above $23-$24 million Landed value of fish only Ontario, Canada Aquaculture $65 million + 500 person years of work Total Value added to the economy Ontario, Canada Quality of water in the Great Lakes directly related to prosperity of industry Lower water levels or changes to nearshore currents could exacerbate waste assimilation from net cultures Transportation $2.2 - $3 billion + 17/18,000 jobs Value added to provincial GDP through activities generated by transport industry Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lower water levels reduce the transportation/navigation abilities of commercial boats in the Great Lakes, decreases value of maritime transport $7.5 billion Value of total industry Πincluding money spent on trips, boats, travel, tourism, etc. Canada and US Sport Fishing $500 million Direct Spending on trips only, no secondary effects Ontario, Canada Quality of water in the Great Lakes directly related to prosperity of industry Lower water levels reduce spawning and breeding areas for native fish Polluted water reduces recreational enjoyment and willingness to participate in industry
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".