The induced anisotropy in thermal conductivity of thorium dioxide and cerium dioxide
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The anisotropy in thermal conductivity (κ), induced by temperature gradient (TG), of thorium dioxide (ThO2) and cerium dioxide (CeO2) has been investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, in combination with non-equilibrium method, from 100 to 900 K. Anisotropy is observed in the systems with shorter length, in the direction of heat transfer, and is attributed to the large TG. The anisotropic response elevates with the increase in effective TG. Our results indicate that the higher temperature gradient is resulted from the significant phonon scattering, which in turn affects the transfer of thermal energy and leads to anisotropy in conductivity. It is found that the rate of change of thermal conductivity with TG is the largest for 〈1 0 0〉 crystallographic direction. At the highest TG, observed in this study, the anisotropy in thermal conductivity follows κ100 < κ110 < κ111. The effect of anisotropy reduces with the increase in temperature.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it